Which of the following actions would not be considered a positive reinforcement?

Positive reinforcement involves introducing a desirable stimulus after a behavior to increase the likelihood of that behavior being repeated in the future. In the scenario of scolding a child for lying, the action of scolding is intended to discourage the behavior of lying, which means it is an example of punishment rather than reinforcement.

The other actions – giving a dog a treat for sitting, praising a student for good grades, and rewarding a friend with a movie ticket for helping – all involve providing a positive outcome following a behavior, which aligns with the definition of positive reinforcement. Each of these actions serves to increase the probability that the desired behavior will occur again in the future. In contrast, scolding does not introduce a positive stimulus; instead, it introduces an aversive consequence to discourage the undesired behavior.