What effect does a self-fulfilling prophecy have on behavior?

A self-fulfilling prophecy occurs when a person's beliefs or expectations about someone or something lead to behaviors that cause those beliefs to come true. When individuals hold certain expectations—whether they are positive or negative—they may unconsciously alter their behavior to align with those expectations. For instance, if a teacher believes a student is capable and smart, the teacher may provide more encouragement and support, which in turn boosts the student's confidence and performance. Conversely, if the expectation is low, the teacher might not invest the same effort, leading to poorer performance by the student.

This concept illustrates the powerful influence of expectations on behavior. The energy and focus that come from these beliefs can shape the interactions and the opportunities individuals pursue, ultimately manifesting the expected outcomes. This process highlights the interplay between belief, behavior, and result, illustrating why the second choice is the most accurate in describing the effect of a self-fulfilling prophecy on behavior.