What are dendrites primarily responsible for?

Dendrites play a crucial role in the functioning of neurons by primarily being responsible for receiving information. They are tree-like structures that branch out from the neuron’s cell body and are designed to pick up signals from other neurons or sensory receptors. When dendrites receive neurotransmitters released from the axon terminals of other neurons, they generate electrical impulses that travel toward the cell body of the neuron. This information is then processed by the neuron and can lead to further action, such as the transmission of signals to other neurons or instigating physiological responses.

The other choices do not accurately reflect the primary function of dendrites. While neurons do carry information away from the cell body through axons, dendrites are specifically not involved in this process. They also do not send DNA coding or release neurotransmitters; instead, that function is primarily associated with the axon terminals and synaptic clefts. The role of dendrites is critical in establishing connections within the nervous system and facilitating communication between neurons, making them essential for processing and integrating incoming information.